The craft of Wood and Lac Turning in Andhra Pradesh is a delicate fusion of woodworking and natural lac application, known for its vibrant, glossy surface finish and intricate detailing. Practiced notably in the Etikoppaka and Nakkapalli regions of the Visakhapatnam district, this craft involves softwood (typically Ankudu wood) turned on a traditional lathe, followed by hand-application of natural lac mixed with vegetable dyes.

Using a lathe-either hand-operated or mechanized-artisans shape the wood into toys, kitchenware, and decorative items. Once shaped, sticks of coloured lac (resin) are pressed against the rotating surface, allowing the heat from friction to melt the lac and coat the object. The result is a smooth, high-gloss finish that is tactile and richly hued.

What makes this craft truly distinct is its eco-friendly process-no synthetic paints or chemicals are used, and all materials are biodegradable and child-safe, making the toys especially popular among parents and educators.

The Etikoppaka Lacquerware tradition dates back over 300 years, with origins traced to the Viswabrahmin and Nakkash artisan communities. Deeply embedded in Andhra’s craft lineage, this technique flourished during the reign of the Kalinga and Vizianagaram kingdoms, with royal patronage encouraging toy-making as part of local temple traditions and cultural fairs.

In recent times, the Government of India has awarded Geographical Indication (GI) status to Etikoppaka Lacquer Toys, recognizing the uniqueness and regional specificity of this tradition. The craft plays a vital role in sustaining rural livelihoods and preserving age-old ecological knowledge.

The artisans also uphold traditional motifs and spiritual symbolism, often depicting animals, deities, and mythological characters. The toys are commonly given as auspicious gifts during festivals like Sankranti, Dussehra, and Navratri.

In the village of Etikoppaka, the rhythmic hum of the lathe and the scent of freshly carved Ankudu wood fill narrow alleys lined with artisan homes. One such artisan, Shri K. Chittibabu, recipient of the National Award (2003), recalls learning the craft from his father at the age of 10 and innovating new contemporary forms without compromising tradition.

During a G20 craft summit exhibition held in Visakhapatnam (2023), Etikoppaka toys were selected as official gifts to delegates, showcasing the global relevance of this eco-conscious, heritage-rich craft.

The Andhra Pradesh State Handicrafts Development Corporation regularly trains the younger generation through workshops in collaboration with institutions like NID Andhra Pradesh to help adapt traditional designs for global markets, ensuring this craft continues to thrive.

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